Prior investment in structural measures such as improving the earthquake resistance of critical facilities, constructing coastal embankments and evacuation facilities, and also in non-structural measures such as formulating disaster prevention plans and disaster prevention education, will protect our citizens, the environment and our assets from disasters, and enables us to achieve rapid recovery and reconstruction after disasters. This kind of prior investment in disaster risk reduction is more cost-effective than investing money after the disaster has occurred, and they must be actively pursued to strengthen a society’s capabilities to respond to disasters.